pediatric Drug Dosage – Discuss Dentistry

pediatric Drug Dosage

drsnehamaheshwari — Fri, 22 Mar 2013 10:45:04 +0000

Nystatin

Use – Oral candidiasis

Neonate: 100,000 units to each side of mouth X QID

Infant: 200,000 units to each side of the mouth X QID

Children and Adults: 400,000-600,000 units to each side of the mouth X QID

Nystatin tablet (500,000) units dissolved in 5 ml glycerin provides 100,000 units/ml

Fluconazole

Neonate >14 days, infants and children

Oropharangeal or oesophageal candidiasis

Day 1: 6mg/kg (max200mg) PO/IV (OD)

Then 3mg /kg/day (max100mg) PO/IV (OD) X 14-21 days

pediatric Drug Dosage

drsnehamaheshwari — Sat, 23 Mar 2013 10:30:57 +0000

Antibiotic dosing– Virtually all resistance occurs by transposable element gene transfer promoted by the use of antibiotics, particularly at low doses and for long duration. Antibiotics should be used aggressively and for as short a time as is compatible with patient’s remission of the disease. Many clinicians follow the pattern of continuing antibiotics for a minimum of 48 hours after disappearance of symptoms. That would mean reevaluating the patient 1-2 days after initiation of antibiotics.

The dosage and duration of the therapy depend upon the nature of the infection and the severity of the infection. A simple urinary tract infection in an adult female may only require 3 days of oral therapy, but deep seated infections like osteomyelitis or endocarditis will require prolonged parenteral therapy for six weeks or more.

Contraindications and special precautions: In patients with blood disorders, active CNS diseases, hypersensitivity, sever hepatic failure, pregnancy, lactation, neonates, active peptic ulcers, asthma etc, it is advisable to seek opinion from the concerned physician before prescribing these drugs.

Interesting fact – Fluorides, Ibuprofen, Iron Salts, Iodine drugs, tetracycline ingestion may discolor stools black Greenish grey or white/speckling is seen with many oral antibiotics.

pediatric Drug Dosage

drsnehamaheshwari — Sun, 31 Mar 2013 08:04:44 +0000

Maternal drugs to be avoided or used with great caution during breastfeeding

Possible effect on infant

Aspirin: Avoid high dose as there is risk of bleeding, Reye’s syndrome

Estrogens: Gynaecomastia in male infants

Metronidazole: Suspend breast feeding for 12hrs after single dose as it is secreted in large amounts in breast milk.

Phenobarbitone(and Other Sedatives): Sedation

Tetracycline: Teeth pigmentation, enamel hypoplasia, cataract, skeletal growth retardation

Streptomycin: deafness Alcohol Congenital cardiac, CNS, limb anomalies, Developmental delay, attention deficit, autism

Vitamin D analogues (alfacalcidol, calcitriol): Aortic stenosis (supraclavicular), hypercalcemia (avoid high doses)

pediatric Drug Dosage

drsnehamaheshwari — Wed, 03 Apr 2013 10:09:57 +0000

Important Interactions between Antibiotics and other drugs

	Interacting drug	Effect
Ciprofloxacin (and most other quinolones)	Antacids, iron, sucralfate theophyline, cyclosporin, warfarin	Decrease absoption of quinolones Increase effect of theophyline, cyclosporine, warfarin
	NSAID	Increase risk of CNS stimulation seizures
Clindamycin	Erythromycin	Mutual antagonism
Erythromycin	Carbamazepine	Inceases serum levels of carbamazepine causes nystagmus, ataxia, vomitting, (avoid this combination)
Metronidazole	Anticoagulants	increases anticoagulant effect
	Phenobarbitones, hydantoins	Decreases effect of metronidazole
Tetracyclines	antacids, iron, sucralfate,digoxin	Decreases tetracycline effect Increases toxicity of digoxin (may persist for several months in 10% patients)

pediatric Drug Dosage

drashwin — Wed, 10 Apr 2013 07:23:37 +0000

Great! Your effort of sharing the drug dosages for pediatric patients is laudable. All practitioners should know the basisc of prescribing drugs to children; and that they need to be prescribed on the basis of the weight of children. It is mandatory to have a weighing scale in a clinic. Please find below a further simplified chart for easy calculations. Anyone, please feel free to contact me if any clarification is required.

(Disclaimer: I do not endorse any products; trade names* given below are only examples)

Drug

Trade Name*/ Formulation

Dosage

Weight

Dose

Frequency

Ibuprofen

Sy. Ibugesic 100mg

Tab. Brufen 200 mg

Tab. Brufen 400 mg

10mg/kg/dose

10kg

20kg

40kg

5ml

10ml/ 1 tab 200mg

1 tab 400mg

TID/QID; SOS

Paracetamol

Sy. Crocin 125mg

Sy. Crocin DS 250mg

Tab Crocin 500mg

15mg/kg/dose

8kg

16kg

32kg

5ml

1tab 500mg

TID/QID; SOS

Amoxycilin

Sy. Mox 125mg

Sy. Mox 250mg

Cap 500 mg

20-90mg/kg/day

in divided doses

7.5kg

15kg

30kg

5ml

1 cap

TID

Amoxy + Clav

Sy. Augpen HS

Sy. Augpen DS

30-90mg/kg/day

in divided doses

10kg

20kg

5ml

BID (High/ Double Strength)

Metronidazole

Sy. Flagyl 200mg

Tab. Flagyl 400 mg

30mg/kg/day

in divided doses

10kg

20kg

40 kg

2.5ml

5ml

1 tab 400 mg

TID

pediatric Drug Dosage

drsnehamaheshwari — Sat, 13 Apr 2013 12:45:07 +0000

This makes prescribing pediatric drugs even more easy. An excellent guide for fresh graduates and clinicians.